Caching, especially when multiple applications are involved, can be really complicated. Consider each of your client as a separate scenario (in reality I’d assume you have multiple scenarios defined per each client). One such scenario can be visualised as:
Maven → Maven’s cache → Nexus Repository → Nexus Repository’s cache → Upstream server → (potentially more)
Hopefully this helps to explain why you have to clear cache on both your Nexus Repository and your client. This applies to virtually all other clients as well.
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