Hi @samr and welcome!
For the vulnerability details including CVE ID - take a look at Example 1 here: Report REST APIs (though you may have already found this)
For description of the issue, etc: An additional rest call is needed for this. Further information with examples can be found in: Vulnerability Details REST API
As far as the violation failing the build, I don’t believe there is an API that gives this info.
I hope this helps a little bit!